China has decisively overtaken Russia as Central Asia's dominant economic partner, with bilateral trade, investment, and financial integration accelerating across Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan in the first half of 2026, according to official data compiled by Eurasianet and OilPrice.com.
根据Eurasianet和OilPrice.com汇编的官方数据，2026年上半年，中国已决定性超越俄罗斯成为中亚主要经济伙伴，在乌兹别克斯坦、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦和塔吉克斯坦的双边贸易、投资和金融一体化正加速推进。
Uzbekistan, Central Asia's most populous economy, has emerged as the clearest indicator of China's deepening footprint. Bilateral trade during the first half of 2026 grew to $7.7 billion, according to official Uzbek government data, making China by far Uzbekistan's largest trade partner. Beijing's own statistics place the figure even higher at $8.9 billion. By comparison, Russia — Uzbekistan's traditional economic patron — recorded only $5.8 billion in bilateral trade turnover over the same period.
乌兹别克斯坦是中亚人口最多的经济体，已成为中国深化影响力最明显的指标。根据乌兹别克斯坦官方数据，2026年上半年双边贸易额增长至77亿美元，中国由此成为乌兹别克斯坦最大的贸易伙伴。北京方面的统计数字更高，达89亿美元。相比之下，乌兹别克斯坦的传统经济支柱俄罗斯同期双边贸易额仅为58亿美元。
The number of Chinese-Uzbek joint ventures and wholly owned Chinese companies operating in the country grew to 6,060 during H1 2026, more than doubling from 2,241 in 2022 and surging from 3,357 in 2024. These enterprises are concentrated in mining, industrial production, energy, and other strategic sectors. Russia, which led in terms of registered businesses in Uzbekistan as recently as 2023, now has only 3,454 companies operating in the country.
在乌兹别克斯坦运营的中乌合资企业和中资独资企业数量在2026年上半年增至6,060家，较2022年的2,241家增长一倍以上，较2024年的3,357家大幅增长。这些企业集中于采矿、工业生产、能源及其他战略行业。俄罗斯在2023年还曾在乌兹别克斯坦注册企业数量上领先，目前仅有3,454家企业在乌运营。
Chinese tourism is also surging as a proxy for business travel. The number of Chinese visitors to Uzbekistan reached 223,479 in H1 2026, approaching the full-year 2025 total of 278,900 and far exceeding the 74,300 recorded in 2024. Since Uzbekistan and China introduced a visa-free regime for short-term visits in mid-2025, many visits registered as tourism actually serve business purposes including meetings, negotiations, and exploratory missions.
中国赴乌旅游人数也在激增，其中相当部分为商务旅行。2026年上半年中国游客达223,479人次，接近2025年全年的278,900人次，远超2024年的74,300人次。自2025年年中乌中两国推出短期免签政策后，许多注册为旅游的访问实际上服务于商务目的，包括会议、谈判和市场调研。
Kazakhstan, Central Asia's largest economy, is deepening financial integration with Beijing. Following talks between Kazakhstan's National Bank and the People's Bank of China, the two countries agreed to introduce mutual QR payments, connect Kazakhstan's payment infrastructure to China's cross-border system, and launch pilot settlements using the digital tenge and digital yuan. These initiatives position Kazakhstan as a gateway for China's financial technology infrastructure — including CIPS, the Chinese alternative to SWIFT — into Central Asia.
哈萨克斯坦是中亚最大经济体，正在与北京深化金融一体化。在哈国家银行与中国人民银行会谈后，两国同意推出互认二维码支付、连接哈萨克斯坦支付基础设施与中国的跨境支付系统，并启动数字坚戈与数字人民币的试点结算。这些举措将哈萨克斯坦定位为中国金融科技基础设施（包括SWIFT替代方案CIPS）进入中亚的门户。
Kazakhstan also set a historic record in agricultural exports, with flax seed shipments exceeding 1 million tons for the first time, driven by strong demand from China, which accounted for approximately 40% of exports, alongside European buyers.
哈萨克斯坦农产品出口也创下历史记录，亚麻籽发货量首次超过100万吨，主要受中国强劲需求推动（占出口约40%），同时欧洲买家也表现活跃。
In Tajikistan, bilateral trade with China grew by approximately 50% in H1 2026, reaching $1.78 billion according to Tajikistan's Statistics Agency. China is now Tajikistan's largest bilateral trade partner and its largest provider of humanitarian assistance, accounting for roughly one-sixth of the approximately $12.5 million in aid that the country received during the period. Additionally, the destruction of Russia's energy infrastructure by Ukrainian drone strikes has prompted Dushanbe to negotiate with Beijing for gasoline imports, further diversifying away from traditional reliance on Russian fuel.
在塔吉克斯坦，2026年上半年与中国的双边贸易增长约50%，据塔统计局达17.8亿美元。中国现为塔吉克斯坦最大双边贸易伙伴和最大人道主义援助提供方，占该国同期约1250万美元受援总额的约六分之一。此外，乌克兰无人机袭击对俄罗斯能源基础设施的破坏促使杜尚别与北京进行汽油进口谈判，进一步摆脱对俄罗斯燃料的传统依赖。
In Kyrgyzstan, the China–Kyrgyzstan–Uzbekistan railway and the Kambar-Ata-1 hydropower project were highlighted by Kyrgyz President Sadyr Japarov as strategically important regional initiatives during the Cholpon-Ata summit on July 31, 2026. The summit brought together leaders of the five Central Asian states and Azerbaijan, who adopted a declaration affirming cooperation on transport connectivity, energy security, and trade.
在吉尔吉斯斯坦，总统扎帕罗夫在2026年7月31日乔尔蓬阿塔峰会上将中吉乌铁路和卡姆巴尔-阿塔1号水电站项目列为具有战略意义的地区倡议。峰会汇聚了中亚五国和阿塞拜疆领导人，并通过宣言确认在交通联通、能源安全和贸易方面开展合作。
The acceleration of Chinese engagement across Central Asia comes at a pivotal moment. The ongoing Iran conflict has raised concerns about energy supply stability via maritime routes, reinforcing Beijing's strategic interest in overland corridors. The Central Asian region offers China direct land access to energy resources, transit routes to European and Middle Eastern markets, and geopolitical depth as relations with Western economies face continued friction.
中国在中亚加速参与正值关键时刻。持续的伊朗冲突引发了对海上能源供应稳定性的担忧，强化了北京对陆路走廊的战略兴趣。中亚地区为中国提供通往能源资源的直接陆路通道、连接欧洲和中东市场的过境路线，以及在与西方经济体关系持续摩擦中的地缘纵深。
The shift from Russian to Chinese dominance in the region has accelerated as Moscow diverts resources to its military operations and faces its own economic constraints. For Central Asian governments, deeper engagement with China offers access to investment, infrastructure finance, and trade — but also raises questions about long-term economic dependency.
随着莫斯科将资源转向军事行动并面临自身经济制约，该地区从俄罗斯主导转向中国主导的进程正在加速。对中亚各国政府而言，深化与中国的合作提供了投资、基础设施融资和贸易机会——但也引发了对长期经济依赖的思考。
For Chinese enterprises and investors, Central Asia represents a frontier market where the competitive landscape is still being defined — and where early movers in sectors such as renewable energy, fintech, logistics, and digital infrastructure may secure lasting advantages.
对中国企业和投资者而言，中亚代表着一个竞争格局仍在成形的前沿市场——在可再生能源、金融科技、物流和数字基础设施等领域，先行者或能获得持久优势。
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