World Bank and Ethiopia Deepen Ties to Unlock Private Sector Manufacturing Incentives / 世界银行与埃塞俄比亚深化伙伴关系以释放私营制造业投资激励

战略转向私营部门主导增长

The World Bank and Addis Ababa have committed to expanded strategic cooperation focused on private sector-led manufacturing and agro-processing expansion. Ethiopian authorities classify these two sectors as federal priority industries eligible for full tax relief and customs exemptions. 世界银行与亚的斯亚贝巴已承诺扩大战略合作，聚焦于私营部门主导的制造业与农产品加工业扩张。埃塞俄比亚当局将这两个行业列为有资格获得全额税收减免与海关豁免的联邦优先产业。

工业园区所得税豁免

Manufacturing firms that commence operations inside government-owned industrial parks receive a full income tax holiday lasting 10 years from the first day of production. Enterprises located outside these designated enclaves remain subject to the standard corporate income tax rate of 30%. 在国有工业园区内投产的制造企业自投产首日起享有为期10年的所得税全额免税期。位于这些指定园区外的企业仍需缴纳30%的标准企业所得税。

进口与运营成本对比

| Cost Item | Inside Industrial Park | Outside Industrial Park |

|-----------|------------------------|-------------------------|

| Import Duty on Construction Materials | 0% | 5%-35% |

| Value Added Tax on Goods and Services | 15% | 15% |

| Industrial Electricity Tariff | $0.04/kWh | $0.04/kWh |

Park-based tenants clear heavy machinery through on-site customs posts rather than congested seaport terminals. On-site customs posts reduce average clearance time from weeks to days for containerized production lines. 园区租户通过现场海关站点而非拥堵的海港码头清关重型机械。现场海关站点可将集装箱生产线的平均清关时间从数周缩短至数日。

外汇与股权规则

Export-oriented manufacturers retain 100% of foreign exchange earnings in dedicated retention accounts governed by National Bank of Ethiopia foreign-exchange directives. Foreign entities may hold 100% equity in manufacturing and agro-processing ventures without mandatory local joint-venture partners. 出口导向型制造商根据埃塞俄比亚国家银行外汇指令，可在专用留存账户中保留100%的外汇收入。外国实体可在制造业和农产品加工企业中持有100%股权，无需强制的本土合资伙伴。

企业该做什么

- Factory builders: Submit an online pre-application to the Ethiopian Investment Commission and request a plot map from Hawassa or Dire Dawa Industrial Park. Both locations currently report available shed and land capacity for textile and pharmaceutical investors. 建厂企业：向埃塞俄比亚投资委员会提交在线预申请并向哈瓦萨或德雷达瓦工业园索取地块图。两处园区目前均报告有面向纺织和制药投资者的可用厂房及土地容量。

- Equipment importers: File a customs duty exemption certificate at the park one-stop shop before shipping capital goods. This eliminates bonded-warehouse storage fees and inland port demurrage. 设备进口商：在发运资本货物前于园区一站式服务站提交关税豁免证书。此举可消除保税仓储费和内陆港滞期费。

- Agro-processors: Secure priority-sector confirmation from the Ministry of Industry to fix the 10-year tax exemption start date. The incentive quota resets with each federal budget cycle and fills rapidly once infrastructure upgrades are announced. 农产品加工企业：从工业部取得优先部门确认函以固定10年免税期的起算日。该激励配额随每个联邦预算周期重置，一旦基础设施升级公告发布便会迅速填满。

对企业出海的意义

First, verify that your product code appears on the Ethiopian Investment Commission priority manufacturing list and download the standard investment application form. Second, reserve land inside Hawassa or Dire Dawa industrial park and lodge the customs exemption dossier before additional World Bank infrastructure financing attracts broader regional competition. 第一步，核实产品代码列于埃塞俄比亚投资委员会优先制造业清单并下载标准投资申请表。第二步，在更多世界银行基础设施融资吸引更广泛区域竞争之前，于哈瓦萨或德雷达瓦工业园内预留土地并提交海关豁免档案。